Title insurance protects people from losses arising from a real estate purchase. Losses may be caused by things such as unknown liens, defects, or encumbrances on the property that existed before the purchase.
Examples include:
Title insurance agents will identify defects in the title that need to be corrected before the owner of the land sells it to you. Agents will check for problems with your title by looking at public records, including deeds, mortgages, wills, divorce decrees, court judgments, tax records, liens, encumbrances, and maps.
A title insurance policy also protects right of access to the property.
Source: Texas Department of Insuance
Use the link below to read more.
https://www.tdi.texas.gov/pubs/consumer/cb058.html#